Lower Back Pain – Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Lower back pain is one of the most common physical complaints. It can range from a mild, nagging ache to severe, chronic pain that affects daily life. Back pain can occur suddenly due to an injury or gradually develop from overuse or poor posture.
Common Symptoms of Lower Back Pain
Lower back pain can present itself in various ways. Common symptoms include:
- Dull ache in the lower back
- Sharp or stabbing pain in the lower back
- Pain that radiates down the legs
- Stiff lower back – especially in the morning
- Difficulty bending, stretching, or rotating the torso
- Pain worsened by sitting or standing for long periods
If the pain lasts more than 6 weeks or is accompanied by tingling or loss of strength in the legs, it is advisable to consult a physiotherapist.
Causes of Lower Back Pain
Lower back pain can be caused by various factors, including:
1. Overbelasting & Verkeerde Houding
Prolonged sitting, poor posture at work, or sudden movements can strain the back muscles and cause pain.
2. Lumbago (Acute Low Back Pain)
Lumbago is a sudden, acute form of lower back pain, often triggered by a wrong movement or lifting something heavy. It’s caused by spasms in the deep muscles of the back, sometimes combined with irritation of the spinal joints. Movements like bending or twisting become painful and restricted. Although intense, lumbago is usually harmless and resolves within a few days to weeks with the right guidance.
3. Muscle and Joint Issues
- Muscle strains & muscle soreness in the lower back
- Facet joint irritation – wear and tear or overuse of the small joints in the spine
- Spinal instability
Hernia or Sciatica
A herniated disc can put pressure on nerves in the lower back, causing pain that radiates down the legs, also known as sciatica.
5. Osteoarthritis or Degenerative Conditions
Wear and tear of the intervertebral discs can lead to chronic lower back pain and limited mobility.
6. Zwangerschap & Hormonale Veranderingen
Women may experience back pain due to hormonal changes, especially during pregnancy.
Treatment Options for Lower Back Pain
Exercises for Lower Back Pain
Gentle movement often helps reduce back pain. Recommended exercises include:
- Lower back stretches
- Core stability exercises to strengthen the back muscles
- Dynamic movements like walking and swimming
Physical Therapy
A physiotherapist can help with:
- Posture correction and ergonomic advice
- Mobilization techniques to loosen stiff joints
- Exercise therapy to strengthen muscles
Want to know how physiotherapy can help you?
Heat and Cold Therapy
- Heat (e.g. heating pads) helps with muscle tension.
- Cold (e.g. ice packs) reduces inflammation.
Medication and Pain Management
In some cases, painkillers or anti-inflammatory medication can help. Always consult a doctor before taking any medication.
When to See a Physiotherapist?
Not all back pain requires professional treatment, but it is advisable to visit a physiotherapist if you experience:
- Lower back pain when sitting, standing, or lying down for long periods
- Nagging pain that interferes with your daily life
- Sudden sharp pain in the back
- Pain radiating to one or both legs
- Weakness, tingling, or numbness
- Pain after a fall or trauma
Book an appointment at The Physio Company for an intake with a specialist.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Conclusion – Lower Back Pain
Lower back pain is a common complaint with many possible causes, from muscle strain to herniated discs. Fortunately, there are plenty of treatment options — from physiotherapy to targeted exercises — that can help reduce pain.
Looking for professional advice? Get in touch with a physiotherapist at The Physio Company and start your journey to a pain-free back!